Which document first articulated the concept that a ruler's power is limited?

The Magna Carta, signed in 1215, is historically significant as it was one of the first documents to establish the principle that a ruler's power is not absolute, but rather limited by law. This charter was created in response to King John of England's heavy-handed rule and imposed constraints on his authority, ultimately recognizing certain rights for his subjects. Although later documents like the Constitution and the Bill of Rights further developed and defined the limits of governmental power, the Magna Carta laid the groundwork for these ideas by introducing the concept that even a monarch is subject to the law and that certain rights cannot be violated. The Declaration of Independence, while emphasizing the importance of individual rights and the notion of government by consent, does not specifically articulate the limitation of a ruler's power in the same foundational way that the Magna Carta does.